Vinyl mastering.
Vinyl mastering · by Shawn Moon
We review musical balance, side length, low-end phase, highs and sibilance, and prepare the audio for cutting.
Across genres.
Jazz and classical, rock, hip-hop, indie, ballads, K-pop and soundtracks. We have mastered more than 200 albums for vinyl.
Preparing for the cut.
We identify factors that affect the cut during source review and recommend any adjustments needed.
Side length and level
For 12-inch records at 33⅓ rpm, we recommend keeping each side within 22 minutes and assess the suitable length for your audio. Longer sides may need adjustments to cutting level or low end.
We plan the running order and sides together to keep level loss down.
Low end and phase
Large phase differences in the low end increase vertical groove movement and can make cutting and reliable playback more difficult.
We tidy low-end phase and stereo width so the record cuts cleanly.
Highs and sibilance
Excessive highs and sibilance can cause more noticeable distortion during cutting and playback.
We shape sibilance and high-frequency peaks without losing the character of the music.
Inner grooves
Linear speed decreases towards the centre of the record, where high-frequency distortion can become more noticeable. We consider the character and position of each track.
We look at the density of each song and suggest the best running order.
Loudness
Heavy limiting can restrict cutting levels and make distortion harder to control.
Where possible we work from pre-limiting files and shape the sound specifically for vinyl.
Only necessary adjustments.
If the review finds nothing that needs changing, we cut it as it is. Even when no mastering is involved, the source review is always part of the job.
Musical balance.
We consider musical balance and cutting requirements together, preserving the character and dynamics of your music as we prepare the master.
From review
to test pressing.
The engineer who reviews your audio also masters it and assesses the cut and test pressing.
- 01Source reviewWe check running time, phase, low and high balance, distortion and clipping, and share the findings first.
- 02Side layoutWe set side lengths and running order to balance level and sound quality.
- 03Vinyl masteringYour audio is prepared for cutting and pressing. Usually 3 days, up to 5.
- 04Review and revisionsWe send reference files. Two rounds of revisions are included.
- 05CuttingLacquers are cut at MPO or at our partner cutting studio (SST).
- 06Test pressing approvalYou listen to an actual pressing and approve it.
Quotes & terms.
Mastering is quoted per album on request. It costs less when the record is also pressed through us. We also take projects pressed at other plants, and can deliver cut lacquers to your plant through our partner studio.
- Format
- WAV
- Resolution
- 24-bit / 48 kHz or higher recommended. Send files at their original working resolution. CD quality (16-bit / 44.1 kHz) is also accepted.
- State
- Pre-limiting files if possible. If a digital master exists, please send it too for reference.
- Content
- One file per track with a tracklist. Add your preferred side layout if you have one.
- Delivery
- Download link by email
- Audio
- Vinyl masters for cutting, per side
- Reference
- Listening files and review notes
- Cutting
- When pressed through us, linked straight to cutting at MPO; lacquer option via our partner studio
- Approval
- Final approval after listening to the test pressing
Mastering credits.
A selection of the albums we have mastered for vinyl.
- JENNIERuby
- Cho Yong-pilAlbums 16–19
- Epik HighPUMP
- NELLCOLORS IN BLACK · Moments in Between
- SUHOThe 3rd Mini Album
- MAMAMOO
- AB6IXB Complete
- P1Harmony
- JANNABI
- Paul KimYour · Sincerely Yours
- HANROROTake-off · 2nd EP
- Busker BuskerLove at First
- Urban Zakapa1st album
- Shin Seung-hunSincerely Melodies
- Lovely RunnerOST
- Crash Landing on YouOST
- Reply 1988OST
- My Liberation NotesOST
- Twenty-Five Twenty-OneOST
- Jeongnyeon: The Star Is BornOST
- Kyung-Wha Chung
- Mischa Maisky6 Cello Suites
- Forestella
- Chuck MangioneFeels So Good (2022 Remaster)
- Kun-Woo PaikMozart Piano Works Vol.1
- Moon ByulStarlit of Twinkle
- Kim Bum-sooTravel
- SanullimChildren’s albums 1–4
More than 200 albums mastered for vinyl.











